Dec 09, 20 ernst rohm was a member of the nazi party from its earliest days. Just what if sa chief ernst rohm had assassinated hitler. Hitler did not order a wall to be built, that was at the beginning of the cold war, long after hitler was dead. First of all we learn that as rohm was in charge of the sa he wanted to join the sa with the normal army, which suggested to hitler that the merging of the two armies could possibly make rohm the most powerful man in germany. This is a list of books about nazi germany, the state that existed in germany during the period from 1933 to 1945, when its government was controlled by adolf hitler and his national socialist german workers party nsdap. Original german wwii partial ground rohm sa dagger by e pack. In order to justify his action, he blamed the jews for german s economic problems as many jews were wealthy and ran its own business. However the ascent of hitler as chancellor of germany owed much to the personal patronage of ernst rohm and it does seem hitlers conscience if dictators have such a thing. The nazi party leader behind hitlers violent rise to power offers a candid chronicle of his life and the early days of national socialism in germany. The interplay between stormare and carlisle illuminates the way hitler relished rohm s brutality, but later sacrificed him for political reasons.
As one of the members of its predecessor, the german workers party, he was a close friend and early ally of adolf hitler and a cofounder of the sturmabteilung sa, storm battalion, the nazi partys militia, and later was its. Ernst rohm, the highestranking gay nazi ernst rohm, the highestranking gay nazi, presents an interesting study in the construction and containment of masculinity by the right. Rohm depicts ludendorff as a leader equivalent to hitler. On may 8, 1985, the 40th anniversary of the end of the war, homosexuals murdered by the nazis received their first public. With many essays not previously published in engli. Ernst julius rohm, also known as ernst roehm in english munich november 28, 1887 july 2, 1934 was a german military officer, and the commander and cofounder of the nazi sturmabteilung the sa. Normally, ludendorff gots trotted on stage in time for the beerhall putsch and then promptly disappears. Ernst julius gunther rohm was a german military officer and an early member of the nazi. Once in power, hitler established an absolute dictatorship. Under hitler s rule, germany became a totalitarian state where nearly all aspects of life were controlled by the. Eleanor hancock, introduction in the memoirs of ernst rohm, london, uk, frontline books, 2012, p.
This decapitation strike against their erstwhile brothers in the sturmabteilung sa was intended to remove the reprobate sa commander ernst rohm and consolidate supreme power in preww2 germany under hitlers personal control. The case of ernst rohm, the highestranking gay nazi, presents an interesting study in the construction and containment of masculinity by the right. Rohm opposed his partys stand on paragraph 175 of the german penal. Military training or paramilitary training, and dedicated to their cause. Welcome to the worlds greatest opensource selection of nazis. Hitler saw the jews as selfish, materialistic and an inferior race. May 06, 2019 first of all we learn that as rohm was in charge of the sa he wanted to join the sa with the normal army, which suggested to hitler that the merging of the two armies could possibly make rohm the most powerful man in germany. Roosevelt and was once engaged to the author djuna barnes. Rohm was a member of the shortlived nationalist german workers party dap, where he met adolf hitler. Jun 07, 2019 joseph goebbels 18971945, was the reich minister of propaganda of nazi germany. Asked in holocaust, germany in ww2, judaism, adolf hitler did hitler enjoy.
How was hitlers disposal of ernst rohm relevant to nazi. He therefore thought rohm was too ambitions and ordered for the sa to shoot 400 people. Adolf hitler then stepped inside, stood on a table and fired a shot into the air. Hitler and rohm conflict essay free summaries examples. Hitler is the fuhrer but ludendorff is the war leader. Serious rivals to hitlers nazism the washington post. Rohm participated in the beer hall putsch, for which he received a suspended prison sentence, and went on to become a highly influential member of the nazi party elite as head of the sa.
Any attempt to paint hitler or others as being gay, is without credible foundation and nothing more than putrid homophobia. Ernest rohm was a german military officer and founding. First, take this into account about ernst and the sa. Rohm, an open homosexual later murdered on hitler s orders, headed up the thule societys military wing. The leaders of the bavarian government were taken into a side room. Thus through successful propaganda, hitler blinded the german. The essential point of this book is an argument that hitler was a practicing homosexual during his youth and the period that he was building up his political machine. They had a bad reputation and so did rohm for being home sexual and an alcoholic.
Hitler is so evil he dominates everyone but the thuggish, primitive rohm and he clearly digs rohm for just that reason. He was charged with presenting hitler to the public in the most favorable light, regulating the content of all. Hitler saw the sa leader ernst rohm as a leadership rival and an embarrassment due to his homosexuality. Under rohms command, the sa continued to grow, reaching a membership of around three million by late 1933. Hermann rauschning, the son of a army officer, was born in torun, germany, on 7th august, 1887. As adolf hitler himself has said, germany has no need of another war to avenge the loss of her military honour, because she never lost that honour. Hitler himself had great tolerance for the homosexuals who surrounded him in the early days of the nazi movement. In 1930, hitler passed the leadership of the sa to ernst rohm, a longserving ally and a veteran of the munich putsch. Chancellor adolf hitler, urged on by hermann goring and heinrich himmler, ordered a series of political extrajudicial executions intended to consolidate his. For adolf hitler, the sas behavior was a problem that now threatened his political survival and the entire future of nazi germany.
Fest worked closely with albert speer as the editor of inside the third reich and spandau. Ernst rohm was one of the key architects behind the rise of the nazi party. By continuing it is agreed you have no objection with this, more details about cookies can be found here cookies policy. But, as british historian michael burleigh points out in selecting the best books on the german dictator, hitler was a bizarre and strangely empty character who never did a proper days work in his life, as well as a raving fantasist on to whom germans were able to project their longings. Buy a cheap copy of the hidden hitler book by lothar machtan. Feb 24, 1995 germany, hitler, and world war ii book. Joachim fest is a highly acclaimed historian and journalist, and the author of several widely respected books on nazi germany, including the face of the third reich, plotting hitlers death, and speer.
Mar 27, 2017 a man in makeup and pearls condemning transgender people may seem counterintuitive, but milo yiannopoulos is hardly the first gay reactionary. The raid was called the night of the long knives the execution of rohm and his followers lasted three days. I would recommend this book to someone who knows nothing about rohm and his roll in nazi germany. Hitler was given an ultimatum that if the tensions within germany were not quelled then the current president hindenberg was going to declare martial law. Hitler put off killing rohm until later because he used rohm and the stormtroopers as a political tool to give him more support from the rest of germany.
The rise and fall of the third reich a history of nazi germany. He eventually fell out of favour with hitler, however, and defected from nazi germany to the united states. Nazi germany timeline 193034 this nazi germany timeline contains a chronological list of significant events and developments in germany between 1930 and 1934. The first book in this epic series the world beneath was the winner of the 2014 best original award awarded by the international thriller writers. Ludendorff managed the volkisch parties while hitler was in prison, according to rohm. As an intimate portrait of hitler and as a surprising portrait of the homoerotic nature of the early nazi movement, the hidden hitler is a major and certainly controversial contribution to the biographical literature. When eckart met hitler, eckart was convinced that he had encountered the prophesied saviour. He secured the presidents assent for new elections. But, by 1934, hitler had come to see him as a potential rival and had him executed during the night of the long knives. The best books on hitler five books expert recommendations.
This timeline has been written by alpha history authors. Rohm was one of three children of julius rohm and his wife emilie nee baltheiser. However the ascent of hitler as chancellor of germany owed much to the personal patronage of ernst rohm and it does seem hitler s conscience if dictators have such a thing. Hitler used the november criminals and versailles along with restoring law and order and rebuilding germany in his campaign. From 1919 until 1923, following the defeat of germany in the first world war, rohm served in the freikorps and then nsdap the nazi party. Rohm, ernst quotes, quotations, citations, extracts, sayings, passages and references our website uses cookies. Homosexuals and the third reich jewish virtual library. Bradberry sets out, cooly and calmly as befits a former usnavy officer and pilot, to show why and how the german people have been. Rohm started to plot the take over the nazi party, and overthrow hitler and his henchmen.
Hitler would have done whatever he wanted in order to keep his power, as this was very important to him, so there would. The hidden hitler by lothar machtan this is a hard book to analyze. All this while the nazi party had a virulently antigay policy, and many nazis protested that rohm was discrediting the entire party and should be purged. Although many germans approached the official news of the events as described by joseph goebbels with a great deal of scepticism, many others took the regime at its word, and believed that hitler had saved germany from a descent into chaos. Feared as a rival by hitler, he was murdered at the fuhrers order. To all his other enemies rohm now added the worst himmler who told hitler that rohm was planning to take over the nazi party, after which he would wipe them all out, goering, hess, himmler, goebbels and all. His fascist agenda led to world war ii and the deaths of at least 11 million people, including some six million jews. Hitler, of course, had known of rohms homosexuality since 1919, and it became public knowledge in 1925, when rohm appeared in court to charge a hustler with theft. Unternehmen kolibri, was a purge that took place in nazi germany from june 30 to july 2, 1934. Memoirs of ernst rohm by ernst rohm book read online scribd. Hitler informed the army hierarchy of hindenburgs declining health and proposed that the reichswehr support him as hindenburgs successor. A native of munich, rohm served as a career officer with the bavarian army during world war i.
He firmly believes this and is certain that in spite of all. This side of hitler and his munich clique, as goebbels put it, has never been so vividly evoked. The night of the long knives or the rohm purge, also called operation hummingbird german. Ernst rohm, rohm also spelled roehm, born november 28, 1887, munich, germanydied july 1, 1934, munichstadelheim, german army officer and chief organizer of adolf hitler s storm troopers sturmabteilung, or sa. On june 30, 1934, the german schutzstaffel ss under orders from adolph hitler executed operation hummingbird. I downloaded this, thinking that it would be an interesting account of weimar germany and rohm s relationship with adolf hitler.
However hitler struck first june 30 july 2 1934 hitler, with the aid of the ss raided a hotel where rohm and his homosexual friends were staying. David redles, the author of hitlers millennial reich 2008, admits that. He was able to use his army connections to finance. After this date, the ss lead by heinrich himmler was to become far more powerful in nazi germany. Adolf hitler directed his partys troops, known as the sa or brown shirts, to surround the munich beer hall where the leaders of the bavarian government were holding a meeting. Ernest rohm was a german military officer and founding member of the nazi party, making him a close companion and early ally of adolf hitler. Hitler has a reputation as the incarnation of evil. Rebecca cantrell is also the writer of a series of books that feature joe tesla, an agoraphobic billionaire who is confined to the tunnels under the new york and to grand central terminal. Hitler saw rohm as a threat as he was the leader of the large sa. News world europe adolf hitler s last bodyguard reveals what happened in nazi leaders final minutes in the berlin bunker. Ernst rohm was a member of the nazi party from its earliest days. Germany s stormtroopers engaged in a vicious siege of violence that propelled the national socialists to power in the 1930s. Lothar machtan makes a compelling case that adolf hitler was homosexual, and that one cannot begin to understand him, his entry into politics, and the early nazi.
Those who deny this are ignorant of historical fact. I hope that the outside world will realise that hitler s government has no idea of steering towards war, even though this has often been asserted abroad. Rohm and many other leaders of the sturm abteilung were definitely homosexual. However he allowed the sa to run wild which didnt sit well. Aug 20, 2019 adolf hitler was the leader of nazi germany. On 11 april 1934, hitler met with german military leaders on the ship deutschland. The night of the long knives, in june 1934, saw the wiping out of the sas leadership and others who had angered hitler in the recent past in nazi germany. He also was a member of the german reichstag, where he was a minister from 1933 to 1934. The group was formed in 1921, and grew to a huge force of nearly 3,000,000 men by the later 1930s. As a reporter for cbs, william shirer lived and worked in germany during much of the nazi movement. It reads more like a novel than a dry historical narrative and trust me on this this book is awesome. Ernst rohm, who had important links to senior officers in the german army. Known also as the sa or brownshirts, these ordinary men waged a loosely structured campaign of intimidation and savagery across the nation from the 1920s to the night of the long knives in 1934, when chief of staff ernst rohm and many other sa.
Rumours about the night of the long knives rapidly spread. He was murdered during the night of the long knives, in 1934. Hitler stipulated the annihilation of the bolshevik commissars and the communist intelligentsia thus laying the foundation for the commissar order, dismissed the idea of courts martial for felonies committed by the german troops, and emphasised the different. Nazi germany is the common english name for germany between 1933 and 1945, when adolf hitler and his nazi party nsdap controlled the country through a dictatorship. Adolf hitler 1889 1945 20th century people totally timelines. Nazis kurt daluege, heinrich himmler, ernst rohm in 1933. In 1932, there were over 400,000 members of the sa, as an organization. Ludendorff gets more mentions in this text than hitler. Adolf hitlers last bodyguard reveals what happened in. Part benton bradberrys 2012 book, the myth of german villainy is a superb, mustread, revisionist look at how the german people have been systematically, relentlessly and most importantly, unjustly vilified as the arch criminal of the 20th century. Ernst rohm, the highestranking gay nazi jstor daily.